Generation of markerfree bt transgenic indica rice and. In this study we validate the field efficacy of rice husk ash rha and imidazole, alone and. Assessment of infestation and yield loss by stem borers on variety of rice. Stem borer definition of stem borer by merriamwebster. Overwintering notata larvae move into the root and construct tunnels up to 4 inches deep.
Scirpophaga incertulas, the yellow stem borer or rice yellow stem borer, is a species of moth of the family crambidae. Other stem borers on rice include dark headed borer,chilo suppressalis. Bracon hebetor against insectpest of coconut and sugarcane brachymeria against the pupae of several pests of plantation crops. Studies on genetics of resistance to chilo species have been carried out only in a few cases. Damage to corn caused by common stalk borer is characterized by wilting andor dying of the upper leaves or by ragged irregular holes chewed in the newly unrolled leaves. Scolytidae, also known as the black stem borer bsb is originally from southeast asia. If rice is attacked in the vegetative stage, the yield loss varies, but if the infestation happens during the booting stage the yield loss could be as high as 9095%. Rice husk ash and imidazole application enhances silicon. Management of stem borer and leaf folder of rainfed rice. The species was described by francis walker in 1863. Sep 12, 2016 how to control rice yellow stem borer. It is found in afghanistan, nepal, northeastern india, sri lanka, bangladesh, myanmar, vietnam, thailand, malaysia, singapore, sumatra, java, borneo, sumba, sulawesi, the philippines, taiwan, china and japan. Rice stem gall midge orseolia oryzae similar insect shown small, fragile insects with long legs, brown body, black eyes and long segmented feelers antennae.
It would not be unjustified if about one third of the total losses caused by stem borers is attributed to s. Efficacy of selected biopesticides and botanical extracts. Photodegradation of emamectin benzoate and its influence. The chemicalfree program practiced by sri invites many insect. The role of biodiversity in the dynamics and management of insect. They are largely responsible for the great reduction in the rice growing in east asia, india and indonesia. Pyralidae, a monophagous pest of paddy is considered as most important nuisance of rain fed, low land and flood prone rice ecosystems 4. The moths of these stem borers are strong fliers and, with the help of wind, may cover. Rice yellow stem borer scirpophaga incertulas walker lepidoptera.
Integrated management of cereal stem borers and striga. Pdf the extent of damage and yield loss due to six species of. A stemborer stem borer is any insect larva, or arthropod, that bores into plant stems. Conservation of natural enemies of stem borers recent collaborative studies by rice wheat consortium reveal that retention of rice stubble in notill wheat fields immensely enhanced the diversity and population density of natural. The experiments were carried out to study the performance of some biorational insecticides against yellow stem borer, scirpophaga incertulas walker in boro rice. The temperature for the transfer line was 280 c, and the ionization energy was 70 ev. Lepidoptera the pest is widely distributed in all asian countries, monophagous and is a major pest on rice in india. Pdf this study was conducted to determine the effects of host plant resistance in early, medium. Nazmul huda 1, prosanta kumar dash 1 1agrotechnology discipline, khulna university, khulna, bangladesh. Genetics of sorghum, maize, rice and sugarcane resistance. Economic threshold level etl of paddy insect pests. The rice stem borer, which infest the rice from seedling to maturity, act as a major constraint for the rice production 10, their larvae bore in to stem, feed on the inner tissue and usually one larva occurs per tiller. Introduction to borers and their control purdue university.
Dectes stem borer aka soybean stem borer in kentucky grown soybeans download pdf. For either variety, panicle density in main and ratoon crops was not affected by stem borer damage table 1. Common insect pests of rice and their natural biological control an illustrated guide to the insect pests that feed on rice plants and the organisms that feed. Vijaya grape researchstation,srikondalaxman telanagana state horticulture university, rajendranagar, hyderabad, india. Yellow stem borer, scirpophaga incertulas walker, lepidoptera. Effectiveness of the entomopathogenic fungus beauveria bassiana bals. Elasmus eribor trichospilus gonlozus tetrastichus chelonus 19 ipm. Economic assessment of controlling stem borers lepidoptera. No matter which continent, ecosystem, or type of crop culture, a field of rice is usually infested by more than one stem borer species. Although one of the most important insect pests in asia, the rice stem borer, chilo suppressalis walker, is difficult to control because most of its lifecycle is spent inside rice stems.
Description and life cyclethe dectes stem borer overwinters as mature larvae within the stem of its. Progeny analysis confirmed stable inheritance of the bt gene according to the mendelian 3. However the term most frequently refers among the coleoptera to the larva of certain longhorn beetles such as dorysthenes buqueti and those of the genus oberea, and among the lepidoptera to certain moths of the crambidae, castniidae, gelechiidae, nolidae, and pyralidae families. I have been getting calls about recommendations for treating adults to prevent larval infestations, which can lead to stem lodging at harvest figure 2.
It survives on several grasses including sudan grass sorghum vulgare sudanense, napier grass pennisetum. Yellow rice stem borer, scirpophaga incertulas lepidoptera. Pdf an experiment was carried out in order to study the methods of managing striped rice stem borer, chilo suppressalis walker on rice. The most injurious pests of cereals are the lepidopteran stem borers, with the crambid spotted stem borer chilo partellus swinhoe and noctuid african stem borer busseola fusca, being the most economically important field insect pests in maize cultivation in africa. Leconte, is a longhorned beetle native to the high plains and southeastern united states. Yellow stem borer, gallmidge, brown planthopper, green. Mating disruption to control the striped rice stem borer. A read is counted each time someone views a publication summary such as the title, abstract, and list of authors, clicks on a figure, or views or downloads the fulltext. Thousands of new, highquality pictures added every day.
Pdf stem borer is the second important rice pest after rats in indonesia. Stem borer is the second important rice pest after rats in indonesia. The larvae are considered a pest on oryza sativa asian rice. Unlike other species of stem borers, the pink stem borer lay bare eggs between the leaf sheath and the stem. In this experiment, stem borer pressure was not exceptionally heavy and a significant yield response among treatments did not occur table 1. Biodiversity relevant to pest management of tropical irrigated rice pests is discussed. The larvae of insect feed on rice stems, prevent the transfer of food. Effect of neem seed kernel extracts in the management of. Periodicity in the frequency of calling and quality of pheromone in volatile emissions of the spotted stalk borer, chilo partellus. Pdf integrated management of rice stem borers in the. Insect bioassays revealed complete protection of transgenic plants from yellow stem borer infestation. The dectes or soybean stem borer is a small, longhorned beetle that attacks soybeans. Controlling yellow stem borer in rice by using molecular tools. The effect of using low densities of different dispensing technologies on mating disruption of the striped rice stem borer, chilo suppressalis walker, was evaluated in the rice growing area of valencia spain from 2011 to 20.
Abstract a field experiment was conducted at grape research station, rajendranagar for a period of two years 2011 on six year old. Pyralidae the yellow stem borer is a specific pest of rice. Pdf integrated management of the striped rice stem borer, chilo. The international rice research institute irri was established in 1960 by. Rice stem borers expose great threats to rice and some. Its wild host plants are mostly annual weeds such as ragweed, ambrosia. Sesamia inferens, the asiatic pink stem borer, gramineous stem borer, pink borer, pink rice borer, pink rice stem borer, pink stem borer, purple borer, purple stem borer or purplish stem borer, is a moth of the family noctuidae. World bibliography of rice stem borers stem borers are ubiquitous pests of rice worldwide figs. Stem borer definition is an insect larva that bores in plant stems. The study reveals that ecofriendly pesticidal molecules are very promising to formulate a sustainable pest management strategy for combating yellow stem borer and leaf folder infesting rice in manipur and incorporation of bioagents like trichogramma species were very effective as well as economic one.
Evaluation of insecticides for stem borer control discussion previous research by the entomology project has shown that stem borers can cause significant yield loss in rice. Find, read and cite all the research you need on researchgate. Super rice has the potential to deliver very high yields but is also susceptible to attack by the striped rice stem borer, chilo suppressalis. Maintaining water in the field to prevent mole crickets, ants and other soil pests. Rice stem borer yellow stem borer scirpophaga incertulas pyralidae. Experiments with a systemic insecticide for the control of. Clip the seedling tips before transplanting to eliminate egg masses and collect and destroy the egg masses in main field. Pdf assessment of infestation and yield loss by stem borers on. Hunt, extension entomologist identification, life cycle, injury symptoms, and cultural and chemical management of soybean stem borer. Management of rice yellow stem borer, scirpophaga incertulas. Stem borer scirpophaga, chilo, sesamia species larvae are pale caterpillars, 23 cm long, often with.
Integrated management of cereal stem borers and striga weed. Rice stem borer alone are responsible for a steady annual damage of 510% to the rice crop, which occasionally reaches up to 60% under favourable conditions of insect attack pathak and khan 1994. Chilo suppressalis, the asiatic rice borer or striped rice stemborer, is a moth of the family crambidae. A field trial was conducted in karawang, west java in dry season of 2003 to study the effect of planting time on the stem. Management of stem borer and leaf folder of rainfed rice in.
Scirpophaga innotata, the rice white stemborer, is a species of moth of the family crambidae. Coleoptera is increasingly becomi ng a menace in mango orchards across the country. Stem borers of cereal crops in africa and their management. For both varieties, for both main and ratoon crops, mexican rice borer was the predominant stem borer species about 70%. Seasonal parasitism by egg parasites of the yellow rice borer. This is an occasional soybean pest in missouri, and crop damage caused by this pest has been sporadic across parts of the state and growing seasons.
The rice striped stem borer chilo suppressalis walker, the yellow stem borer scirpophaga incertulas walker, and the pink stem borer sesamia inferens walker are the most injurious insect pests of rice in the yangtze delta, one of the countrys rice bowls and a region undergoing rapid economic development. The mango trunk borer batocera rufomaculata, cerambycidae. The soybean stem borer, dectes texanus texanus, is a longhorned beetle family cerambycidae native to the central u. Management of rice yellow stem borer, scirpophaga incertulas walker using some biorational insecticides sitesh chatterjee1 and palash mondal2 abstract the experiments were carried out to study the performance of some biorational insecticides against yellow stem borer, scirpophaga incertulas walker in boro rice at rice research station, chinsurah. Yellow stem borer scirpophaga incertulas walker goldfringed stem borer chilo auricilius darkheaded stem borer dudgeon chilo polychrysus meyrick larva egg adult larva egg adult larva egg adult larva egg adult larva egg adult larva and egg mass are similar with striped and darkheaded stem borers. This beetle has been found in at least 17 states, primarily in the eastern u. Cultivated sunflowers have always been a preferred host. Effects of rice stem borer infestation on grain yield and yield components volume 5 issue 2 e. The species was first described by francis walker in 1856. A new iridescent virus obtained from two larvae of the rice stem borer, chilo suppressalis walker, was. Both additive and nonadditive gene effects are important in the inheritance. The economic importance of the stem borer in africa results in their severe damage that affect directly cereal yield factors. Integrated management of rice stem borers in the yangtze delta, china. Nutritional studies of the rice stem borer, chilo suppressalis walker.
The presence of alternate hosts encourages the pink stem borer to develop, multiply and survive during winter or dry season. It is found from pakistan, india, sri lanka, myanmar to japan and the solomon islands. It is found in indonesia, pakistan, the philippines and the tropical north of australia. It is one of the major pests in all rice producing areas of the. The results showed that the population of rice stem borer was significantly higher on control. The larvae feed on the internal tissues of the stem and undergo 56 moults. Among the major insect pests of rice, yellow stem borer ysb. Khan international centre for insect physiology and ecology icipe maize is the most important cereal crop, which serve as staple food for millions in subsaharan africa. The pink stem borer is found in upland rice, which is grown near sugarcane or related grasses. The insects infest rice crops throughout their growth, from the seedling stage to maturity.
Interrelation between plant character and larval intrusion in the first generation of rice stem borer preliminary report. The percentage yield loss due to stemborers infestation was found. Evaluation of different insecticides and botanical extracts. Find stem borer stock images in hd and millions of other royalty free stock photos, illustrations and vectors in the shutterstock collection. The larval stage borer damages plants by destroying internal plant tissue as they feed. Pcr analysis of t2 progeny plants resulted in the recovery of up to 4% marker free transgenic rice plants. Printable pdf click on images to see larger view stem borers in the genus oberea are an eastern united states pest of blueberries, blackberries, huckleberries, azalea, rhododendron, and laurel. Mass rearing of the rice stem borer in a laboratory was carried out on two kinds of foods. Only insecticides that combine good penetration or systemicity, low toxicity to fish, and affordability to farmers are appropriate for stem borer control. Look for dark or discolored areas with sap and sawdustlike residue on or around host plants. More control information on specific species of borers like european corn borers, iris borers and squash vine borers can be found below.
Particular care must be taken to minimize the transfer of infested soil or plant material from the area as. Evaluation of different insecticides and botanical extracts against yellow stem borer, scirpophaga incertulas in rice field md. Pdf comparative efficacy of different botanicals and. The reduction of the current number of release points 30 polymeric dispensersha was investigated by installing 3 aerosol devices per ha experiments 1 and 2 or. Ppt control of rice insect pests powerpoint presentation. Effects of rice stemborer infestation on grain yield and. Lepidoptera, pyralidae, a stem borer of paddy in west bengal volume 48 issue 2. A chilo iridescent virus civ from the rice stem borer, chilo.
Experiments with a systemic insecticide for the control of schoenobius incertulas wlk. Characterizing potential repelling volatiles for pushpull strategy. Light trap catches of adult stem borers per crop in relation. The spotted stemborer chilo partellus is an oligophagy and feeds on species of grasses and sedges which include several important cultivated cereals, especially maize, sorghum, rice, sugarcane, and millets. May 05, 2016 the stem borers, generally considered the most serious pests of rice worldwide, occur and infest plants from seedling stage to maturity. Larval soybean stem borer, dectes taxanus texanus we have been seeing emergence of dectes stem borers figure 1 in south central nebraska for the last two weeks. It is a widespread species, known from india, sri lanka, china, eastern asia, japan, taiwan, malaysia to the pacific it is a serious pest of rice. Insect pests of rice books international rice research institute. Moths shoot tip moths several families clear wing moths others, pyralid moths, carpenter worms beetles metallic wood boring beetles flat headed borers long horned beetles bark beetles ambrosia beetles sap. Determining the effect of stemborers on yields of cereal. In this study, surveys and field trials were performed to examine this problem and efficient ways were found to lower the borer s population density. Rice striped stem borer, chilo suppressalis lepidoptera.
Cerambycidae by doug johnson, extension entomologist university of kentucky college of agriculture. Moths shoot tip moths several families clear wing moths. The infe station is in the range of one to eight per cent depending upon mainte nance of the orchards. Pest borer control stop boring larvae from damaging your plants. Plant health australia contingency plan spotted stem borer chilo partellus. Fifty species in three familiespyralidae, noctuidae. Insecticides are used as a major control tactic in managing pests of rice, oryza sativa l. Pdf assessment of infestation and yield loss by stem. Several species of chilo are serious pests stem borers of sorghum, maize, rice and sugarcane. It is a serious pest of wheat and rabi all over india but is more prevalent in south india. The caterpillar alone are destructive, when full grown, they measure about 20mm and are dirty white or greenish yellow having brown head and pronotum. Khan international centre for insect physiology and ecology icipe maize is the most important cereal crop, which serve as staple food for.
Management of mango trunk borer batocera rufomaculata. The soybean or dectes stem borer, dectes texanus texanus leconte, is a small, gray, longhorned beetle that attacks soybean and wild host plants. Dectes stem borer aka soybean stem borer in kentucky grown. The insect pest is wide ly distributed in the mango growing belts including uttar pradesh. Comparative efficacy of different botanicals and chemical insecticides for controlling rice stem borer. Journal common insect pests of rice and their natural.
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